South Zapata Lake Trail

This is a challenging, full-day hike. Most hikers should plan for 6 to 8 hours to complete the round trip to South Zapata Lake and back, depending on fitness levels and time spent enjoying the views.

No, this trail is consistently rated as difficult and challenging. It involves a substantial elevation gain of approximately 3,000 to 3,300 feet over its nearly 10-mile length, often with steep and relentless climbs. It's best suited for experienced hikers prepared for strenuous activity and high-altitude conditions.

The trail begins at the Zapata Falls Trailhead. Parking is available at the trailhead, but it can fill up quickly, especially during peak season. Arriving early in the morning is highly recommended to secure a spot.

The terrain is diverse and challenging. You'll start in a drier environment with pinions, juniper, and cactus, which can be exposed and warm. As you ascend, it transitions into forested areas, rock slide sections, and eventually open grassy plains near the lake. Expect constant uphill climbing, several creek crossings (which can be slippery or require navigating rocks), and potentially muddy or swampy sections, especially after rain or during snowmelt.

You'll see diverse plant life, from pinions and junipers at lower elevations to pines and seasonal wildflowers higher up. Wildlife sightings are common in the Rio Grande National Forest, including deer, bears, elk, lizards, squirrels, and pika. Keep an eye out for these creatures, but always maintain a respectful distance.

The best time to hike is typically from late spring to early fall (June through September). Early summer offers lush greenery and wildflowers, but be prepared for potential snowmelt making creek crossings more challenging. Fall brings cooler temperatures and beautiful foliage. Winter hiking is possible but requires specialized gear and experience due to snow and ice.

The trail shares its first mile with the path to Zapata Falls. As you climb, you'll gain dramatic views of the Great Sand Dunes National Park and the San Luis Valley. The ultimate destination is the pristine South Zapata Lake, a remote alpine lake at 11,900 feet, known for its green water and stunning backdrop of 13,000- and 14,000-foot peaks, including Ellingwood Peak. You might also spot remnants of old miner's cabins.

Yes, dogs are generally allowed on the trail. However, it's crucial to keep them on a leash at all times to protect wildlife and ensure a pleasant experience for all hikers. Please also pack out all pet waste.

The South Zapata Lake Trail is located within the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness Area, which is part of the Rio Grande National Forest. There are no specific permits or entrance fees required for hiking this trail itself. However, if you plan to visit the nearby Great Sand Dunes National Park, separate entrance fees apply.

Yes, the route primarily follows the South Zapata Lake Trail. Sections of the hike also utilize parts of the Zapata Falls Trail. For those seeking extended adventures, the trail offers a 'backside' approach to Ellingwood Peak for experienced climbers.

Given its difficulty and length, essential gear includes plenty of water, high-energy snacks, sturdy hiking boots (water-resistant is a plus for creek crossings), layers of clothing for changing weather, sun protection (hat, sunscreen), a map and compass or GPS device, and a first-aid kit. Trekking poles can also be very helpful for the steep sections and creek crossings.