Best natural monuments around Belmonte De Tajo are found within the "Tierras y Huertas del Tajo" region of Madrid. This area features a landscape characterized by reddish clay soils, vineyards, and olive groves. The natural environment transitions between upland páramo and fertile lowlands, offering diverse ecological zones. These sites provide opportunities for exploring the region's natural features and geological formations.
Last updated: July 1, 2026
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Peña Bermeja is a good geological observation point to appreciate the reliefs that have developed through river erosion over the last thirty million years, after the withdrawal of the immense sea that covered the entire territory. The cliffs of Peña Bermeja are common formations on the highest edges of the valleys, appearing in the limestones of the moorland that occupy the stratum located between the high plains and the slopes of impermeable marl and gypsum that fall towards the plain. In many places these limestone walls have been used to exploit stone quarries.
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The banks of the Tagus River are a dense curtain of white poplars, cottonwoods, willows, tamarisks, elms and marsh vegetation between the waterway and the extensive crop plains, an important refuge for wildlife and waterfowl that make their habitat in the reed beds of the river banks and the trees.
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The caves of the primitive Carpetanian settlement of Caraca are a window in time, from the first Carpetanian inhabitants to the present day, representing the different cultures that have populated the Tajuña valley over time. The current state shows the deterioration typical of a hillside made of marl and gypsum that is brittle and easily eroded. In the time of the Carpetanians, it was a troglodyte settlement with interior passages that connected different galleries, had water channels, warehouses and houses protected from intruders at a certain height from the ground, accessed by ladders and ropes. In the middle of the last century, the Risco de las Cuevas was the setting for several films.
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Vaciabotas Dam This is the dam or weir where the Caz del Molino takes its water from the Tajuña River. It is also known as the Azud del Molino and is one of the irrigation channels of the Madrid plain. The dam's waterfall is next to the old Molino Nuevo or Molino de la Isla, which is privately owned and documented in the Topographic Relations of Felipe II. The riverbank is a cool environment of giant trees and riverside vegetation. The irrigation channel and the course of the Tajuña are separated by the dam and until they meet again at the Puente del Palo they form the island that gives the place its name. In the area of Tielmes there are the Presón weirs, the Presa del Marqués and the Cantarranas Molino waterfall, all of Islamic origin.
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The Fuente de la Pajarita in Colmenar de Oreja is a historic fountain located on the old road to Aranjuez. This fountain has a spout that pours water into a box used as a watering trough for livestock. Although its flow is low, its waters are known for being very salty and, in the past, were used for medicinal purposes as a purgative.
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Brackish water spring on the old cobbled road of Aranjuez. It has a low-flow spout used in other times for its medicinal properties and a large pond used mainly as a watering trough for cattle and horses.
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Beyond the most popular spots, you can explore areas like El Horcajo, a wooded environment with oak and holm oak trees, or La Dehesa de Valdecabañas, known for its Aleppo pines mixed with olive groves and vineyards. Both offer diverse landscapes for nature contemplation.
Yes, the Risco de las Cuevas of Perales de Tajuña is a significant site. It's a cave system that represents a primitive Carpetanian settlement, showcasing ancient troglodyte dwellings and interior passages. Another historical spot is the Fuente de la Pajarita, a historic fountain on the old road to Aranjuez, whose brackish waters were once used for medicinal purposes.
The region is notable for its reddish clay soils, vineyards, and olive groves. You can observe the transition between the upland páramo with its whitish, greenish, and greyish hues, and the fertile lowlands. For specific geological insights, Peña Bermeja offers an excellent viewpoint to appreciate reliefs formed by river erosion over millions of years, including limestone cliffs.
Yes, the Tagus River Riparian Forests are considered family-friendly, offering a dense curtain of trees and a refuge for wildlife. Additionally, the Ruta Natural Paisajística, a 7-kilometer circular route, is suitable for all types of visitors and can be enjoyed year-round, providing an easy way to experience the local flora and fauna.
The area around Belmonte de Tajo is excellent for various outdoor activities. You can find numerous routes for road cycling, gravel biking, and mountain biking. For example, there are several moderate to difficult road cycling routes, gravel biking trails, and MTB trails that allow you to explore the diverse landscape.
Monte de El Calvario offers panoramic views of the western side of the municipality. It's also a site of cultural significance with three wooden crosses. For geological observation points with views, Peña Bermeja provides excellent vistas of the river-eroded reliefs.
The natural areas, especially along the Ruta Natural Paisajística and the Tagus River Riparian Forests, are home to diverse fauna. You might spot abundant hares and rabbits, alongside birds such as partridges, nightingales, thrushes, kestrels, bee-eaters, hoopoes, pigeons, and great bustards. The riparian forests are particularly important as a refuge for waterfowl.
Yes, the Tagus River Riparian Forests are a prime example, featuring a dense curtain of riverside vegetation. Another notable water feature is the Azud de Vaciabotas, a dam where the Caz del Molino takes water from the Tajuña River, surrounded by cool environments of giant trees. La Veguilla also features Belmonte de Tajo's most significant stream, the Arroyo de la Veguilla, with its own riparian vegetation.
The Ruta Natural Paisajística, which showcases much of the region's natural beauty, can be enjoyed year-round. The diverse landscape, with its changing colors from the páramo to the fertile lowlands, offers different appeals throughout the seasons. For comfortable outdoor activities like cycling, spring and autumn generally provide milder temperatures.
The region features indigenous Mediterranean forest, including shrubs like wild privet, mastic, and kermes oak, as well as steppe formations with esparto grass and thyme. In areas like El Horcajo, you'll find oak, holm oak, and kermes oak. La Dehesa de Valdecabañas is characterized by Aleppo pines mixed with olive groves, vineyards, holm oaks, and gall oaks. The Tagus River Riparian Forests boast white poplars, cottonwoods, willows, tamarisks, and elms.
The Ruta Natural Paisajística is a highly recommended 7-kilometer circular route that offers an excellent way to experience the natural beauty, including the reddish clay soils, vineyards, olive groves, and diverse flora and fauna. It's suitable for all visitors and can be enjoyed by cycling, especially for beginners.


Extend your search for the best caves by checking out these guides of the top ones around Belmonte De Tajo: